Hybrid rice breeding pdf

Development and use of hybrid rice technology to increase rice productivity in the tropics. Organization of hybrid rice breeding program using cms system. The international rice research institute irri has offered several shortterm training courses in hybrid rice breeding. Hybrid rice breeding in china lin shihcheng and yuan loungping male sterility in rice and its potential use in breeding j. The international rice research institute has offered. Brief history of hybrid rice 1926 heterosis in rice reported 1964 china started hybrid rice research 1970 china discovered a commercially usable genetic tool for hybrid rice male sterility in a wild rice wide abortive 1973 ptgms rice was found in china 1974 first commercial threeline rice hybrid released in china. Breeding process itself is also a limitation of development of hybrid rice. The application of heterosis hybrid vigor in hybrid rice since the 1970s has tremendously improved rice productivity worldwide. About 20 30 % yield advantage of hybrid rice should be than commercialcheck. Hybrid rice breeding uses several concepts, skills and procedures which are strikingly different from those used for inbreds rice breeding. Hybrid rice has proven to be an effective way to enhance rice production.

Rice is the most important food crop of the developing world and the demand for it is growing. Hybrid rice therefore has two genetically different parents. Pdf twoline hybrid rice breeding manual researchgate. Testcrossing and wide area testing, which is not a problem for hybrid maize breeding, has been a bottleneck for hybrid rice. Hybrid rice breeding offers an important strategy to improve rice production, in which the cultivation of a male sterile line is the key to the success of crossbreeding. Pdf progress in superhybrid rice breeding researchgate. Philippines hybrid rice seed market is projected to grow at a cagr of 5. Rice is one of the most widely consumed cereal crops and staple food for more than half of the worlds population, especially in asian countries li and cui, 2014. With the wide adoption of semidwarf varieties, rice yield in china increased from 20 t ha. Research on heterosis, male sterility systems, outcrossing mechanisms. Hybrid rice technology helped china increase its rice production from 140 million tons in 1978 to 188 million tons in 1990. Genomic architecture and heterozygosity of rice hybrids.

In an attempt to investigate as many rice hybrid combinations as possible, we sampled a total of 1,495 diverse varieties of hybrid rice. Research at the international rice research institute irri and in other countries indicates that hybrid rice technology offers opportunities for increasing rice varietal yields by 1520%. One major challenge in hybrid breeding is to efficiently select superior hybrids out of millions of potential single. Hybrid rice is grown from hybrid rice seed which is produced by growing an inbred rice variety having sterile pollen which is cross pollinated with normal pollen from adjacent rice plants of a different inbred variety. These must be learned by plant breeders before initiating a comprehensive hybrid rice breeding programme.

Progress in research and development on hybrid rice. Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice. Ir36 and ir42 yield 45 tha in wet season trials and 78 tha in dry season trials. One major challenge in hybrid breeding is to efficiently select superior hybrids out of. When the right parents are selected, the hybrid will have both greater vigor and yield than either of the parents. Provided here is a concise account of hybrid breeding in rice, a newly deployed breeding approach to increase the yield. Progress of super highyielding hybrid rice program in china stage yield tha years breeding commercialization start 8. Privatelyowned cultivars represented approximately 64 percent of the arkansas rice acreage in 2017, of which 42 percent were hybrids and 45 percent were. Now, the acreage of hybrid rice takes more than half of the total rice area in china and superior hybrid rice has been showing a increasing contribution to the grain yield normile, 2008. For example, in hunan province, compared to normal crop, extra 31% of pesticide was used in hybrid rice. Click download or read online button to get manual for hybrid rice seed production book now. Based on these materials, and the experience of hybrid rice scientists from china and irri, this training manual on the twoline hybrid breeding method has been prepared, which expands upon the hybrid rice breeding manual published earlier by irri. Pdf on feb 1, 2017, longping yuan and others published progress in super hybrid rice breeding find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate.

Manual for hybrid rice seed production download ebook. The growth period of rice is an important agronomic trait, which determines the planting regions or adaptabilities of rice varieties. Nucleus and breeder seed production of a, b, r, and tgms lines. The identification of wild abortive or wa type cytoplasmic male sterility in 1970 was a breakthrough in hybrid rice breeding. It has proved practically on large scale for many years that hybrid rice has more than 30% yield advantage over conventional pure line varieties table 1. Although the area under rice crop declined in 2016, over 2015, the area had expanded to reach 4. Given its importance in breeding programs to world food security, considerable interest has been focused on how heterosis contributes to increased yield.

Characterization of a new semidominant dwarf allele of slr1. Wide compatibility and utilization of intersubspecific heterosis. Mar 03, 2020 the application of heterosis hybrid vigor in hybrid rice since the 1970s has tremendously improved rice productivity worldwide. The rice breeding platform will innovate, develop, and apply modern breeding strategies, tools and technologies to increase rice yield, climate resilience, and enable access to modern breeding technologies for worlds rice varietal development programs through knowledge sharing and capacity development. Breeding for outcrossing ability in rice, to enhance seed production for hybrid rice cropping james taillebois1,3, joanna dosmann2, helma cronemberger 4, herminio paredes5, tuongvi cao1, pericles neves 3, and nourollah ahmadi1 1cirad, umr agap, 34398 montpellier, france 2el aceituno, a. Oct 23, 2019 rice is one of the most widely consumed cereal crops and staple food for more than half of the worlds population, especially in asian countries li and cui, 2014. Heterosis and hybrid rice breeding sant singh virmani. Results osnp11 mutant exhibits male sterile phenotype. The hybrid rice seed has the advantages of high yield, stable yield, strong disease resistance and high biological yield. Plant breeding david luckett and gerald halloran what is. Rice breeding international rice research institute. Accelerated molecular breeding of a novel ptgms line. In 200102, it was estimated that about 800 000 ha of hybrid rice were planted in bangladesh, india, indonesia, myanmar, the philippines and viet nam table 1. However, there were three main problems in super rice breeding.

A fertility restorer gene, rf4, widely used for hybrid rice. A wild abortive watype cms has been almost exclusively used for breeding threeline hybrid rice and contributes to 10% of the total rice cultivated area worldwide li et al. Pdf on feb 1, 2017, longping yuan and others published progress in super hybrid rice breeding find, read and cite all the research you need on. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. We developed an innovative hybrid rice breeding program based on. Twoline hybrid rice breeding manual home irri rice. Therefore, there is a huge increase pesticide using on hybrid rice than others. Nov 22, 2016 hybrid rice breeding offers an important strategy to improve rice production, in which the cultivation of a male sterile line is the key to the success of cross breeding. The use of intersubspecies crosses has made an additional contribution to broadening the genetic diversity of hybrid rice and played an important role in the breeding of super rice hybrids in china. But how breeders construct hybrid parents to obtain hybrid rice heterosis remains unclear. Because of the great impact of watype cms on agriculture, many studies have attempted to elucidate the cmscausing gene in wa mitochondria and to determine the fertility restorer genes for wacms. Pdf development and use of hybrid rice technology to.

Rice is a staple food in china, contributing 40 % to the total calorie intake of chinese people. But the research work on hybrid rice was initiated in 1964, in china by yuan long ping father of hybrid rice. Progress in research and development on hybrid rice oxford. At the end of this module, we will understand procedure of cytoplasmic genetic male. Breeding by design project is to improve food security and rural livelihood among smallscale rice producers in africa, by developing hybrid rice, with significant yield advantage and creating sustainable hybrid rice agrobusinesses to support rice farming in east, west and. Practices and prospects of super hybrid rice breeding. Focus and approach of hatch proposalthis 5year hatch project proposal focuses on the breeding and selection for improved hybrid rice oryza sativa l. Hybrid rice technology is likely to play a pivotal role in increasing the rice production. Difficult in breeding intersubspecific hybrid rice low seed set tall plant height poor grainfilling late maturity grain quality market solution for breeding of intersubspecific hybrid rice wide compatibility wc genes allelic dwarf gene indicajavanica hybrids in indica rice growing region japonicajavanica hybrids in japonica rice growing. Goals objectives the goal will be to develop breeding lines to be used in the production of hybrid rice seed. Divergent selection and genetic introgression shape the. Subsequently, hybrid rice that has a yield advantage of 1020 % over conventional varieties was developed and commercially grown. Most of the rice plants in farmers field today are inbred rice.

Hybrids have been released in china, india and the philippines. Breeding twoline hybrid rice with disease resistance is an effective approach to stabilize rice yield in commercial rice production of china. Because of the great impact of watype cms on agriculture, many studies have attempted to elucidate the cmscausing gene in wa mitochondria and to determine. To identify new rice genes regulating male fertility, we generated an ethyl methanesulfonateinduced mutant library in huanghuazhan. The rice breeding platform will innovate, develop, and apply modern breeding strategies, tools and technologies to increase rice yield, climate resilience, and enable access to modern breeding technologies for worlds rice varietal development programs through. Hybrid rice the situation for food security chinese scientists bred the. By exploiting new types of male sterility, hybrid rice production in china has become more diversified. Pdf on jan 1, 2003, s s virmani and others published twoline hybrid rice breeding manual find, read and cite all the research you need on. Comparative transcriptional profiling and preliminary. Sep 14, 2018 genetic and molecular analysis of utility of sd1 alleles in rice breeding. Compared to inbred lines, hybrid rice varieties have an average yield advantage of about 20. Here, by genome analysis, we found that breeders introduced different introgressed exogenous genomes of other rice subpopulations to construct male and female parents. As with other types of hybrids, hybrid rice typically displays heterosis or hybrid vigor such that when it is. Characterization of a new semidominant dwarf allele of.

Recently, hybrid breeding systems have been established in other crop species such as rice oryza sativa, barley hordeum vulgare, and rapeseed brassica napus, making a tremendous contribution to agricultural yield increases because hybrid plants possess superior traits such as better adaptability, greater uniformity, and improved abiotic. Google scholar cheng sh, zhuang jy, fan yy, du jh, cao ly. The second phase of the breeding program is to artificially hybridise or cross the identified parents to bring the genes for the desirable attributes together in the same hybrid individual. Developing markerassisted selection strategies for. Pdf on jan 1, 2003, s s virmani and others published twoline hybrid rice breeding manual find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Manual for hybrid rice seed production download ebook pdf.

In breeding practice, there is often a contradiction between high yield and early maturity wang. Developing markerassisted selection strategies for breeding. The strategies for super hybrid rice breeding the main strategies for breeding super hybrid rice combinations with wide adaptability, high yielding potential, good rice quality and multiple disease and insect resistances are to combine the ideal plant type with physiological vigor and to harmonize all the growth traits, by improving the. Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene zhenyi chang a,1, zhufeng chen, na wanga,1, gang xie a, jiawei lu, wei yanb, junli zhoua, xiaoyan tanga,b,2, and xing wang denga,c,d,2 ashenzhen institute of molecular crop design, shenzhen 518107, china. Studies conducted at the international rice research institute irri during 1980 and 1981 have shown up to 73% heterosis, 59% heterobeltiosis and 34% standard heterosis for yield in rice. Genomic selection in hybrid breeding wiley online library. The invention belongs to the field of hybrid vigor utilization, in particular to a breeding method of a hybrid rice seed. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. Hybrid rice research is being conducted in 12 rice research centers of india. A hybrid is the product of a cross between two genetically distinct rice parents. The main breed ing method used to improve rice is the pedigree, but development of hybrids and population improvement are added to the breeders portfolio. Molecular control of male fertility for crop hybrid breeding.

These must be learned by plant breeders before initiating a comprehensive hybrid rice breed ing program. Pdf on feb 1, 2017, longping yuan and others published progress in superhybrid rice breeding find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. In india, aprh1 is the first hybrid rice variety released in 1994. Sterile line 94a is used for being hybridized with restoring line nonghua 19 to breed threeline hybrid rice seed jiuyou no. Genetic and molecular analysis of utility of sd1 alleles in rice breeding. More than 35 hybrid rice varieties have been released in india till now. However, hybrid breeding procedures established for openpollinated crops were unsuitable for rice. The precise procedures will depend on the species involved, and any preexisting knowledge of the genetic control of the attributes phase 3. Hybrid rice is a proven and successful technology for rice production. The latter was estimated in comparison to commercial varieties. In 1971 china accepted hybrid rice research as a national cooperative project and in the year.